Understanding the Difference Between Outer and Inner Ear Infections
Ear infections are a common health issue that can cause discomfort and impact hearing. However, not all ear infections are the same. The two ear infections we are focusing on today are outer ear infection and inner ear infection. They are very different from each other so understanding the differences between them can help in proper diagnosis and treatment.
What is an Outer Ear Infection?
An outer ear infection, also known as otitis externa or “swimmer’s ear,” occurs in the ear canal. This infection is often caused by bacteria or fungi that enter the ear due to excessive moisture, scratches, or irritation. Despite the term “swimmer’s ear”, it also occurs in people who don’t swim.
Symptoms of an outer ear infection:
- Redness and swelling of the ear canal
- Pain that worsens when touching or pulling the ear
- Itching and irritation in the ear
- Discharge of fluid or pus
- A feeling or fullness or blockage in the ear
Causes of an outer ear infection:
- Swimming or exposure to moisture for prolonged periods
- Inserting objects such as cotton swabs or hair pins
- Skin conditions such as eczema that cause itchy flaky skin in the ear canal
- Narrow or small ear canals
Treatment for an outer ear infection:
- Prescription eardrops containing antibiotics or antifungal medication
- Keeping the ear dry and avoiding water exposure (read more here)
- Pain relief to manage discomfort
- Cleaning the ear canal using microsuction to relieve discomfort and enable antibiotic penetration
What is an Inner Ear Infection?
An inner ear infection, or otitis interna, affects the inner structures of the ear, causing them to become inflamed. Inner ear infections are often viral and can lead to serious balance and hearing issues.
Symptoms of an inner ear infection:
- Dizziness
- Vertigo (a spinning sensation)
- Loss of balance or coordination
- Hearing loss or ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
- Nausea or vomiting
Causes of an inner ear infection:
- Viral infections, such as the flu or cold
- Bacterial infections that spread from the middle ear
- Complications from respiratory illnesses
Treatment for an inner ear infection:
- Rest and hydration
- Medications to manage dizziness, nausea, or inflammation
- In severe bacterial cases, antibiotics may be prescribed
- Vestibular therapy for persistent balance issues
Preventing Ear Infections
To reduce the chance of both inner and outer ear infections, consider these preventive tips:
- Keep ears dry and avoid inserting objects into the ear canal
- Avoid exposure to contaminated water
- Treat respiratory infections promptly to prevent inner ear complications
- Strengthen the immune system with a healthy diet and regular exercise
- Ensure good hand hygiene and hand washing all the time
Conclusion
Both inner ear infections and outer ear infections can cause discomfort and require different treatments. An outer ear infection is usually caused by bacteria or fungi in the ear canal, while an inner ear infection is often viral and affects balance as well as hearing. Understanding the difference between inner and outer ear infections can help you take the right steps toward relief and prevention. If you experience persistent ear pain, dizziness, or hearing loss, consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.